Northern Ireland is the size of Connecticut and has a population of approximately 1.7 million. It is located in the north-east corner of the island of Ireland, and across the Irish Sea from Scotland. In Northern Ireland, a person is never far from the sea and its varied and breathtaking coastline. However, Northern Ireland also has hills, mountains, rivers and lakes (loughs), which add to its charm and lush green landscape.

History

Before 1169, the Gaels ruled the island of Ireland and practiced Catholicism. In 1169, Henry II of England invaded, and thus began the troubles with the English. During the 17th century, British monarchs sent Protestant colonists to Ireland, and the strife between the two religions broadened, and over the next 800 years, hundreds of thousands of Irish died. In 1920, Ireland was divided into two parts: Northern Ireland—Protestant majority under English rule; Ireland—Catholic majority with Home rule. In Northern Ireland religious violence continued until 1998, when the Belfast Agreement was signed, and Northern Ireland became self-ruled with both Catholics and Protestants participating in the government, but still a part of the United Kingdom.

Culture and Sightseeing

Northern Ireland boasts many castles, but three lovely ones are Carrickfergus Castle built in the 12th century, Castle Coole built by James Wyatt in the 18th century in a stunning, ornate neo-classical style, and Belfast Castle which has wonderful views, a museum and lovely gardens. Cultural sights include the Ardboe Cross, a Celtic cross from the 10th century with 22 carved panels of Biblical scenes and Belleek Pottery Visitor Center, which shows how famous Irish Pottery is made. A Northern Ireland visit would not be complete without enjoying the sea. Giant’s Causeway, a World Heritage Site, is where thousands of stones resemble stepping stones meet the sea, and Carrack-a-Rule Rope Bridge provides stunning ocean views. Port Stewart Strand and Portrush Whiterock Beach offer lovely sea coast experiences.

Eat & Drink

In Northern Ireland, the day starts with a hearty Ulster Fry consisting of fried bacon, ham, or fish, eggs, sausage, soda farls, and potato bread. Restaurants also specialize in locally fresh shellfish dishes and other fish dishes. Irish stew and homemade vegetable soups are also popular menu items. The drinks found at small traditional pubs or fancy restaurants include Guinness, a heavy dark stout; Irish whiskey; and Hilden, local ale.